Describes a substance that dissolves easily in water.
Hydrophilic
Describes a substance that resists dissolving in water.
Hydrophobic
Ionic compound that releases ions other than H+ and OH- when it dissolves in water.
Salt
A dissolved substance.
Solute
Uniform mixutre of solute completely dissolved in solvent.
Solution
Liquid in which other substances dissolve.
Solvent
Measure of molecular motion.
Temperature
Substance that releases hydrogen ions in water
Acid
Substance that accepts hydrogen ions in water
Base
Set of chemicals that can keep the pH of a solution stable by alternately donating and accepting ions that contribute to pH
Buffer
Molecule that is a subunit of polymers
Monomer
Describes a compound that consists mainly of carbon and hydrogen atoms
Organic
Measure of the amount of hydrogen ions in a fluid
pH
Molecule that consists of multiple monomers
Polymer
Molecule that consists primarily of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in a 1:2:1 ratio.
Carbohydrate
Tough, insoluble carbohydrate that is the major structural material in plants.
Cellulose
Organic molecule that speeds up a reaction without being changed by it.
Enzyme
All the enzyme-mediated chemical reactions by which cells acquire and use energy as they build and break down organic molecules.
Metabolism
Process of molecular change
Reaction
Substance that consists mainly of triglycerides
Fat
Organic compound with an acidic carboxyl group "head" and a long carbon chain "Tail."
Fatty acid
Fatty, oily, or waxy organic compound.
Lipid
Double layer of lipids arranged tail-to-tail; structural foundation of all cell membranes.
Lipid bilayer
A lipid with a phosphategroup in its hydrophilic head, and two nonpolar fatty acid tails.
Phospholipid
Fatty acid with only single bonds linking the carbons in its tail.
Saturated fatty acid