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Cell Review

Levels of Organization

Question: 1. Groups of cells that look alike and work together to perform a specific function are called ________.
a. Organisms
b. Organs
c. Tissues
d. Organ Systems

Answer:
c. Tissues

Question: 2. A structure made up of two or more tissues that work together is called a(n) (7.12C)
a. Organ
b. Organism
c. Organ system
d. Cells

Answer:
a. Organ

Question: 3. A group of organs that perform a specific function is a(n) ________________. (7.12C)
a. Tissue
b. Organ
c. Organism
d. Organ System

Answer:
d. Organ system

Question: 3. Which of the following levels of organizations best represents the sequence from smallest unit to largest? (7.12C)
a. cell, organism, organ, tissue
b. cell, tissue, organ, organ system
c. cell, organism, tissue, organ system
d. cell, tissue, organism, organ

Answer:
b. cell, tissue, organ, organ system

Question: 5. The heart, liver, lung, and brain are examples of:
a. cells made out of organs
b. organs made out of tissues
c. systems made out of organs
d. tissues made out of cells
Answer: b. organs made out of tissues

Cell Organelles

Question: 6. The nucleus of a plant and animal cell (7.12D)

A. Contains the cell's genetic material that tells the cell what to do
B. Breaks down proteins
C. Contains all the cells water
D. Provides support that causes the cell to be rigid


Answer:
A. contains the cell's genetic material that tells the cell what to do

Question: 7. What is the main function of the cell membrane that appears around all cells? (7.12D)

A. to provide rigidity for the cell
B. to allow certain molecules in and out of the cell
C. to prevent expansion when water enters the cell
D. to store proteins until they are needed by the cell


Answer: B. to allow certain molecules in and out of the cell


Question: 8. What two parts of a plant cell are not part of an animal cell?
A. Cell membrane and cytoplasm
B. Cell wall and cytoplasm
C. Cell wall and chloroplasts
D. Cell membrane and chloroplasts


Answer: C. Cell wall and chloroplasts

Question: 9. Which of the following correctly matches an organelle with its function?
a. mitochondrion ... photosynthesis
b. ribosome ... manufacture of fats
c. nucleus ... cellular respiration
d. central vacuole ... storage
Answer: d. central vacuole ... storage

Question: 10. The structure of cells is most closely related to its
a. color
b. size
c. age
d. function
Answer: d. function

Cell Theory

Question: 11. Which statement is not a part of the cell theory? (7.12F)
A. All organisms are composed of cells.
B. Cells carry on similar functions in all organisms
C. All cells have parts such as cell walls and chloroplasts
D. All living cells come from preexisting cells.

Answer: C. All cells have parts such as cell walls and chloroplasts.

Question: 12. The cell theory applies only to (7.12F)
A. Animals
B. Living and non-living things
C. Living things
D. Complex organisms

Answer: C. Living things

Question: 13. Which of the following kinds of cells perform basic funtions such as obtaining energy from food?
a. plant cells, but not animal cells
b. animal cells, but not plant cells
c. both plant cells and animal cells
d. neither animal cells nor plant cells

Answer: c. both plant cells and animal cells

Question: 14. Which of these supports the cell theory as it is stated today? (7.12F)
A. All organisms are composed of more than one cell.
B. Cells must contain a nucleus.
C. Not all cells are alive.
D. New cells are produced by division of existing cells.

Answer: D. New cells are produced by division of existing cells.

Question: 15. What is TRUE about cells? (7.12F)
A. All living things are made up of many cells, and all cells are the same size and shape
B. All living things are made up of cells, but not all cells are the same size and shape.
C. All cells are the same size and shape, but not all living things are made up of many cells
D. Only animal are made up of many cells, but not all animal cells are the same size and shape

Answer: B. All living things are made up of cells, but not all cells are the same size and shape

Turgor Pressure

Question: 16. Plants maintain their size and shape due to
A. turgor pressure inside the chloroplast of the plant cell
B. turgor pressure inside the vacuole of the plant cell
C. turgor pressure inside the mitochondria of the plant cell
D. turgor pressure inside the nucleus of the plant cell

Answer: B. turgor pressure inside the vacuole of the plant cell

Question:
22. When a plant’s vacuole is full of water, the turgor pressure keeps the plant __
A . wilted
B . rigid
C. coiled
D. limp

Answer: B. rigid

Question: 17. If celery is left in the refrigerator for a long time, then it will become limp because ________
A. It loses turgor pressure
B. It loses salt
C. It gains water
D. It gains turgor pressure

Answer: A. It loses turgor pressure

Question: 18. What will happen to a plant whose vacuoles have lost water on a hot summer day?
A. The plant's stem will split.
B. The plant's stem and leaves stand straight and tall.
C. The plant's stem and leaves wilt.
D. The plant's stem and leaves will point toward the Sun.
Answer: C. The plant's stem and leaves wilt.


Question: 20. Which of the following best demonstrates the effect of turgor pressure on a cell?
A. Squeezing a closed packet of ketchup.
B. Filling up a plastic bag slowly with oil.
C. Using a pin to pop a balloon filled with air.
D. Flattening a piece of metal using a hammer.

Answer: B. Filling up a plastic bag slowly with oil.

Cell Functions

Question: 21. The function of the nucleus is most like the function of what body system? (7.12E)

A. Circulatory – transport materials
B. Nervous – controls the body
C. Integumentary – protective covering
D. Digestive – obtain energy

Answer: B. Nervous - controls the body

Question: 22. The function of the cell wall is most like the function of what body system? (7.12E)

A. Skeletal – structure and support
B. Integumentary – protective covering
C. Excretory – eliminate waste
D. Digestive – obtain energy


Answer: A. Skeletal - structure and support

Question: 23. The membrane of a cell is most like _____________.(7.12E)

A. The brain of a human
B. The chloroplast of a plant
C. The lungs of a human
D. The shell of a seed

Answer: D. The shell of a seed

Question: 24. Power plants obtain and transform energy through the production of heat and steam. Organisms, both unicellular and multicellular, also obtain energy and transform it from one type to another. Which organelle in a cell is considered its power factory?
A. Nucleus
B. Cell Membrane
C. Vacuole
D. Mitochondria

Answer: D. Mitochondria


Question: 25. Which of the following explains how muscle cells compare with an organism? (7.12E)

A. Muscle cells obtain energy from food, and they eliminate their own waste material.
B. Muscle cells obtain energy from food, but they do not eliminate their own waste material.
C. Muscle cells eliminate their own waste material, but they do not obtain energy from food.
D. Muscle cells do not eliminate their own waste material, and they do not obtain energy from food.

Answer: A. Muscle cells obtain energy from food, and they eliminate their own waste material.