eQuizShow

41018SOCI412

Macro-Level Inequality

Question: This phrase asks people not to blame the individual for their circumstances, but rather to blame the institutions which establish the rules.
Answer: "Don't hate the player, hate the game."

Question: This term refers to automatic and unearned benefits given to certain groups that contribute to a broader social environment where members of those groups experience social, political, economic, etc. advantages and others do not. 
Answer: Group Privilege

Question: "Institutional Racism" is a specific type of [this].
Answer: "Institutional Discrimination"

Question: This term refers to an individual who no longer uses the traditional "us" vs. "them" categories, and instead sees their own fate as being tied to others who may be from a different gender, sexuality, race, or class group. 
Answer: Ally

Question: This term refers to policies and procedures that systematically disadvantage one group while advantaging another group.
Answer: Disparate Impact

Racial Discrimination in Housing

Question: This government program for World War II veterans is largely responsible for the formation of an American middle class, but due to racist policies, the American middle class was/is largely white.
Answer: The G.I. Bill, or Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944

Question: These two policies contributed significantly to the inability of black Americans to purchase a home in a safe/quality neighborhood. One policy was utilized by homeowners and housing developers, the other policy was implemented by banks.
Answer: Restrictive Covenants and Redlining

Question: Urban renewal efforts were aimed at transforming "less desirable" areas of the city (read: poor, black neighborhoods), and this policy was a crucial tool in forcibly acquiring private property in order to use it "for the public good."
Answer: Eminent Domain

Question: This term refers to the increased likelihood of waste facilities and toxic materials to be stored in or near communities that are predominantly black and Latino.

Answer: Environmental Racism

Question: Based on a 1966 Supreme Court case, the Gautreaux Project influenced low-income housing policy by demonstrating that [this] type of living arrangement was superior to large-scale public housing high-rises. 
Answer: Scattered-Site Housing; locating low-income housing throughout middle class communities

Racial Discrimination in Criminal Justice

Question: These two terms refer to common manifestations of racial profiling within the criminal justice system. One refers to the increased likelihood of black drivers being pulled over while driving, and the other refers to a policy of physically searching individuals.
Answer: "Driving while black" and "Stop-and-frisk"

Question: This collateral consequence of a criminal conviction involves revoking one's voting rights.
Answer: Felon disenfranchisement 

Question: Collateral consequences of a criminal conviction include losing access to governmental benefits, such as these two programs which are designed to provide food and educational access to low-income people.
Answer: Welfare and Student Loans 

(i.e., you are ineligible for welfare and student loans if you are convicted of certain crimes)


Question: As a collateral consequence of a criminal conviction, you cannot participate in this civic duty, which would allow you a voice in determining the innocence or guilt of other people. 
Answer: Jury Duty

Question: The 2007 Supreme Court case Kimbrough v. United States was fought over what issue?
Answer: Sentencing disparities between trafficking crack cocaine (associated with black communities) and powder cocaine (associated with white communities)

Educational Vocab

Question: This term refers to the number of years of formal education a person has completed, or their highest degree.
Answer: Educational Attainment

Question: This term refers to students who disenroll or "drop out," and may be based on financial hardship or incomplete social adjustment. 
Answer: Attrition

Question: This term refers to the percentage of applicants who are eventually admitted to the educational institution.
Answer: Selectivity 

Question: This is the largest source of grant-based aid offered to US college students, but the maximum award now pays a much lower proportion of total college expenses than it used to.
Answer: Pell Grants; or Basic Education Opportunity Grant

Question: This type of scholarship disadvantages low-income and nonwhite students because these groups are less likely to have access to high-quality resources (teachers, books, test preps, etc.).
Answer: Merit-Based Scholarships

Discrimination in Education

Question: Within the United States, how much and what kind of education a person receives is often a function of these two categories of difference.
Answer: Race and Class

Question: This theory is used to explain test score gaps between white and black students. According to the theory, black students may fail to perform at their best if they are afraid of being viewed through the lens of a negative stereotype, or they may be afraid of inadvertently confirming a negative stereotype.
Answer: Stereotype Threat

Question: This term refers to the discrepancy between the high level of endorsement for education among nonwhite and low-income students on one hand and the relatively low levels of education that these groups actually attain.
Answer: Attitude-Achievement Paradox

Question: This term refers to a situation where high-achieving students from low-income backgrounds choose colleges that are less prestigious than the type of institutions their test scores would qualify them for. 
Answer: Undermatched

Question: This term refers to the pattern in which low-income and nonwhite students lose academic gains over a period of time, thereby falling further behind higher-income and white students.
Answer: "Summer Setback" or "Summer Reading Loss"