eQuizShow

415 Midterm Review

Linguistic Facts of Life

Question: In which writing system does 1 character = 1 syllable

a. alphabet

b. IPA

c. syllabary

d. logography

e. anagram

Answer: c. syllabary

Question: These describe what speakers DO do with language:

a. Prescriptive Rules

b. Phonological Rules

c. Descriptive Rules

d. Morphemic alternations

e. Morphemic suppletions

Answer: c. Descriptive Rules

Question: Which of the following is an example of a prescriptive rule?

a. Place the subject of the sentence before the object

b. Use -ed to form past tense verbs

c. Use 'He' as subject pronoun and 'Him' as object pronoun

d. Never capitalize the names of cities

e. None of the above

Answer: e. None of the above

Question: TRUE or FALSE: Writing is a more recent historical development than speech.

a. TRUE

b. FALSE

Answer: a. TRUE

Question: Which of the following is an example of an iconic sign?

a. the English alphabet

b. the Hindi word for 'pear'

c. a baby crying

d. tone in Mandarin

e. all of the above

Answer: c. a baby crying

Design Features

Question: Design features distinguish

a. iconic and non-iconic signs

b. meaning and form

c. human and animal communication systems

d. sound and meaning systems

e. none of the above

Answer: c. human and animal communication systems

Question: TRUE or FALSE: Design features exist in every human language.

a. TRUE

b. FALSE

Answer: a. TRUE

Question: Which is NOT a possible mode of communication?

a. Musical

b. Auditory

c. Vocal

d. Manual

e. All of the above

Answer: b. Auditory

Question: TRUE or FALSE: In most animal communication systems, the signal code is innate.

a. TRUE

b. FALSE

Answer: a. TRUE

Question: Which sign is transparent?

a. the sun setting

b. 'soon' as [sun]

c. daffodil meaning flower

d. 'pero' meaning but

e. 'Sincerely' written on a letter

Answer: a. the sun setting

Phonetics

Question: IPA allows us to provide

a. word structure

b. syllable structure

c. 1:1 relationship between sound and meaning

d. 2:1 relationship between sound and meaning

e. all of the above

Answer: c. 1:1 relationship between sound and meaning

Question: Which of the following is a ‘lever,’ or parameter our mouths use to make consonants and vowels?

a. diphthongization

b. syllabification

c. place of articulation

d. aspiration

e. All of the above

Answer: c. place of articulation

Question: Which written English word best demonstrates the need for a phonetic alphabet?

a. though

b. bet

c. dog

d. even

e. none of the above

Answer: a. though

Question: Which is a type of information encoded by a spectrogram?

a. Derivative morphemes

b. Inflectional morphemes

c. Frequency

d. Meaning

e. All of the above

Answer: c. Frequency

Question: Which feature does Hindi have to create morphemes that English doesn't?

a. affixation

b. nasality

c. aspiration

d. diphthongization

e. none of the above

Answer: c. aspiration

Phonology

Question: The correct way to write a phonological rule is:

a. [ ] → / / / ___

b. / / → [ ] / ___

c. [ / → [ ] / ___

d. ___ → [ ] / __

e. None of the above

Answer: b. / / → [ ] / ___

Question: Which of the following is an allophone we have studied in English?

a. [ɾ] for /t/

b. [ʃ] for /m/

c. [ð] for /o/

d. [ɹ] for /y/

e. [j] for /y/

Answer: a.

Question: Which of the following is not a minimal pair in English?

a. sun and buns

b. lit and lot

c. never and lever

d. clothes and those

e. see and saw

Answer: a. sun and buns

Question: Which is a 'sound in the mind'?

a. allophone

b. phoneme

c. minimal pair

d. affixation

e. derivation

Answer: b. phoneme

Question: Which is based on a phonological system?

a. word structure

b. tone differences

c. foreign accent

d. speech vs. writing

e. all of the above

Answer: c. foreign accent

BONUS (Morphology)

Question: Which is an inflectional affix in English?

a. -less

b. -ful

c. pre-

d. -en

e. de-

Answer: d. -en

Question: A morpheme is defined as

a. the basic unit of meaning in a L

b. the basic unit of sound in a L

c. the basic unit of a phoneme in a L

d. the basic unit of the sentence in a L

e. None of the above

Answer: a. the basic unit of meaning in a L

Question: Lexical categories can also be defined as

a. bound or free morphemes

b. roots or stems

c. compound structures

d. parts of speech

e. affixation processes

Answer: d. parts of speech

Question: Which represents affixation?

a. go --> went

b. see --> saw

c. dog + house --> dog house

d. am --> was

e. fix --> fixed

Answer: e. fix --> fixed

Question: Derivational affixes typically

a. can be memorized

b. change the lexical category

c. permit grammatical change

d. can be added in any order

e. none of the above

Answer: b. change the lexical category