eQuizShow

Chapter 3 & 4 Definitions

Cell stuff

Question:

Community of microorganisms living within a shared mass of slime

 


Answer:

Biofilm



Question:

Semirigid but permeable structure that surrounds the plasma membrane of some cells.

 


Answer:

Cell wall



Question:

Long, slender cellular structure used for movement


Answer:

Flagellum



Question:

A protein filament that projects fromt he surface of some prokaryotic cells.


Answer:

pilus



Question:

Organelle of protein synthesis.


Answer:

Ribosome



Parts of Cells

Question:

Membrane enclosed organelle that is a continuous system of sacs and tubes extending form the nuclear envelope. Smooth ER makes lipids and breakds down carbohydrates and fatty acids; ribosomes on the surface of rough ER make polypeptides.

 


Answer:

Endoplasmic reticulum



Question:

Organelle that modifies polypeptides with lipids, then repackages the finished products into vesicles.


Answer:

Golgi body



Question:

Enzyme-filled vesicle that breaks down celllular wastes and debris.


Answer:

Lysosome



Question:

Eukaryotic organelle that produces ATP by aerobic respiration.


Answer:

Mitochondrion



Question:

A double membrane that constitutes the outer boundary of the nucleus. Nulcear pores int he membrane control the entry and exit of large molecules.

 


Answer:

Nuclear envelope



More Parts

Question:

Enzyme-filled vesicle that breaks down amino acids, fatty acids, and toxi substances.

 


Answer:

Peroxisome



Question:

Small, membrane-enclosed organelle, different kinds store, transport, or break down their contents.


Answer:

Vesicle



Question:

Organelle of photosyntehsis in the cells of plants and photosynthetic protists.


Answer:

Chloroplast



Question:

Short, movable structures that project from the plasma membrane of some eukaryotic cells.

 


Answer:

Cilia



Question:

Network of protein filaments that support, organize and move eukaryotic cells and their internal structures.


Answer:

Cytoskeleton



Parts III

Question:

Stable cytoskeletal element that functions in cell movement, a fiber of actin subunits.

 


Answer:

Intermediate filament



Question:

: Cytoskeletal element involved in movement, hollow filament of tubulin subunits.

 


Answer:

Microtubule



Question:

Type of energy-using protein that interacts iwth cytoskeletal elements to move the cell's parts or the whole cell.


Answer:

Motor Protein



Question:

A temporary protrusion that helps some eukaryotic cells move and engulf prey.


Answer:

Pseudopod



Question:

Structure that connects a cell to another cell or to extracellular matrix.


Answer:

Cell junction



Parts and Energy

Question:

Secreted covering at a body surface


Answer:

Cuticle



Question:

Complex mixture of cell secretions, the composition and function of which vary by cell type.

 


Answer:

Extracellular matrix (ECM): 



Question:

The capacity to do work.

 


Answer:

Energy



Question:

Energy cannot be created or destroyed.


Answer:

First law of thermodynamics



Question:

Energy tends to disperse spontaneously.


Answer:

Second law of thermodynamics