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World Geography CH 19

Vocabulary 1

Question: Workers are paid by the government and shared the profits of their products
Answer: collective farms

Question: a revolution without bloodshed
Answer: velvet revolution

Question: the process of selling government owned industries and businesses to private owners
Answer: privatization

Question: individuals who start and own businesses
Answer: entrepreneurs

Question: the effect an investment has in multiplying related jobs throughout an economy
Answer: multiplier effect

Vocabulary 2

Question: to break up into smaller, mutually hostile political units
Answer: balkanize

Question: an area of the city where a minority is forced to live
Answer: ghetto

Question: the execution of 6 million Jews in Nazi concentration camps during World War II
Answer: Holocaust

Question: sense of what characteristics make up a nation
Answer: national Identity

Question: increase the variety of
Answer: diversify

Questions 1

Question: The Baltic states of Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia share all of the following characteristics except
a. flat terrain, covered with marshy lowlands and fertile low plains.
b. a humid continental climate influenced by air coming off the Baltic Sea.
c. similar languages and a common religion.
d. they were officially part of the Soviet Union until that nation broke apart in 1991
Answer: c. similar languages and a common religion.

Question: What institution remained strong in Poland even after the Communist takeover of the country?
Answer: the Roman Catholic Church

Question: Which of the following is equally true of Czechs, Slovaks, and Hungarians?
a. They all were allied with Germany in World War I and II.
b. None have any mineral resources.
c. They share Western outlooks and ways.
d. Their populations are largely Turkish in origin.
Answer: c. They share Western outlooks and ways.

Question: How can Bosnia-Herzegovina best be described?
Answer: as a nation of conflicting ethnic groups

Question: Which of the following is an accurate description of the physical characteristics of Poland?
a. thick forests, large reserves of coal, petroleum, and natural gas, mountainous region in the northeast
b. mainly flat landscape, fertile soil except in the east and northeast, many lakes, large deposits of coal, sulfur, and copper, mountainous region in the south
c. landscape dominated by plateaus, mountains, and high ridges, flat lands near riverbanks, large deposits of sulfur and copper in the northeast
d. fertile soil only along riverbanks, mountainous region in the northwest, few mineral resources
Answer: b. mainly flat landscape, fertile soil except in the east and northeast, many lakes, large deposits of coal, sulfur, and copper, mountainous region in the south

Questions 2

Question: Which of the following is an accurate statement about the economies of Romania and Bulgaria since the breakup of the Soviet Union?
a. Romania retained a Communist economic system, while Bulgaria switched to a capitalist system.
b. Romania’s economy was partially market-based, so it made an easy transition to capitalism, while Bulgaria had a difficult transition.
c. Romania, already in economic difficulty, deteriorated even more, while Bulgaria deteriorated initially but made economic gains in the late 1990s.
d. Bulgaria allowed some privatization but the government maintained control of most aspects of the economy, while Romania converted completely to a market-based economy.
Answer: c. Romania, already in economic difficulty, deteriorated even more, while Bulgaria deteriorated initially but made economic gains in the late 1990s.

Question: How did Albania respond in the past to feeling threatened by its neighbor?
Answer: By isolating itself

Question: What is the relationship between the Czech Republic and Slovakia?
a. Slovakia is the southern region of the Czech Republic.
b. Fighting between the two countries has caused frequent border changes over the centuries.
c. The two regions were joined together as one country after World War I and were separated peacefully again in 1993.
d. Although they are technically two separate countries, Slovakia exerts a great deal of influence over Czech politics and policies.
Answer: c. The two regions were joined together as one country after World War I and were separated peacefully again in 1993.

Question: Why are there so few Jews in all of Poland?
Answer: Millions of Jews were executed by the Nazis. (Holocaust)

Question: Bohemia and Moravia face which of the following challenges?
a. It has been difficult for them to achieve economic stability since becoming independent nations.
b. They are heavily polluted areas that need to modernize their industries and clean up the quality of the air and water.
c. They each have large ethnic minorities who are pressuring them to break away from the Czech Republic.
d. Since privatization, small family farms are being put out of business by large, corporate-owned farms.
Answer: b. They are heavily polluted areas that need to modernize their industries and clean up the quality of the air and water.

Questions 3

Question: What landform covers most of Poland?
Answer: The north European Plain

Question: While Ukraine, Belarus, and Moldova share many characteristics, they differ in which of the following ways?
a. Following the breakup of the Soviet Union, Ukraine and Moldova favored maintaining close ties to Russia, while Belarus wanted to sever those ties completely.
b. Roman Catholicism is the dominant religion in Belarus and Ukraine, while the Eastern Orthodox Church is dominant in Moldova.
c. Moldova and Belarus have long histories of independence, while Ukraine has been controlled by other nations for almost all of its history.
d. Belarus and Ukraine suffered severely from the Chernobyl disaster, while Moldova was unaffected by the tragedy.
Answer: d. Belarus and Ukraine suffered severely from the Chernobyl disaster, while Moldova was unaffected by the tragedy.

Question: Albania differs from Romania and Bulgaria in which of the following ways?
a. It has maintained a Communist form of government.
b. After the fall of communism, it reinstated its king and became a constitutional monarchy.
c. Even during the Communist years, it isolated itself from almost all outside influences including that of the Soviet Union.
d. Because it had permitted some degree of privatization under communism, its transition to a market-based economy was relatively smooth.
Answer: c. Even during the Communist years, it isolated itself from almost all outside influences including that of the Soviet Union.

Question: Which of the following statements accurately reflects the way that Hungary’s economy changed following the breakup of the Soviet Union?
a. Overwhelmed by internal conflicts, inflation and unemployment have remained high.
b. A government program encouraging privatization helped turn around the economy.
c. The change to a market-based economy increased the standard of living in the country within five years after the end of Soviet domination.
d. The government retained control of most industries until they were modernized.
Answer: b. A government program encouraging privatization helped turn around the economy.

Question: Which of the following explains why the former Yugoslavia broke up into a number of small countries after Communist control ended in the late 1980s?
a. tensions between different ethnic groups
b. the desire of some republics to remain Communist
c. pressure from Western European nations
d. the lack of a common heritage
Answer: a. tensions between different ethnic groups